NVQ evidence

Thursday, January 12, 2006

 

Urinalysis

Procedure

1 The test sticks required for urinalysis should be stored in accordance with the manufacture’s instruction. Those used in the Trust need to be stored in the container provided as it has a desiccant in the lid which helps to prevent the denaturising of the sticks. The sticks contain enzymes. This helps to ensure reliable results.

2 Explain procedure and gain consent from client. This ensures that the client understands and then ensures that any consent given is valid.

3 Wash and dry hands and apply gloves and apron in accordance with universal precautions.

4 Obtain a fresh, clean urine specimen from the client. It is important the specimen is fresh as urine deteriorates rapidly once it is passed.

5 Immerse the test area of the strip in the urine and immediately remove it. Tap the excess fluid of the stick.

6 Holding the stick at an angle, as to avoid the contamination of different squares with urine from others, wait the prescribed time. Compare the stick with the chart. If the stick is read too early then the reagents may not have had sufficient time to react thus giving invalid results.

Table of conditions that are detectable via uninalysis

Abnormal constituent

Name of condition

Possible causes

Glucose

Glycosuria

Diabetes Mellitus, may also be raised in trauma, and cardiac damage

Protein

Proteinuria

sometimes in pregnancy, hy proetind diates, heart failure, severe hypoertenion, infction, asymptomatic renal disease

ketone bodies

Ketonuria

Starvation, untreated diabetes mellitus

Haemoglobin

Haemoglobinuria

Transfusion reaction, haemolytytic anaemis, sever burns

Bile pigment

Bilirubinuria

Liver disease, bile duct obstruction

Erythrocytes

Haematuria

Bleeding urniatary tract, kidney stones, infection, trauma.

Leurcocytes pyuria

Pyuria

Urinary tract infection




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